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CalcHub

Heat Loss Calculator

Heat loss determines how big your heating system needs to be. This calculator estimates heat loss through walls, windows, ceilings, and air infiltration based on your home's construction and local climate.

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Results

Enter your measurements to see results

How to Use This Calculator

  1. Estimate total wall area (perimeter × height minus window area).
  2. Select your wall insulation level.
  3. Enter total window area and type.
  4. Enter ceiling area and insulation R-value.
  5. Enter indoor setpoint and your area's winter design temperature.
  6. Enter floor area and ceiling height for infiltration calculation.

How Heat Loss Calculation Works

Heat flows from warm to cold through every surface of your home. The rate depends on the surface area, the R-value (thermal resistance) of that surface, and the temperature difference (ΔT) between inside and outside. This calculator computes loss through walls, windows, and ceiling separately, then adds infiltration loss (cold air leaking in through gaps and cracks). The total tells you the minimum heating capacity needed. A typical modern home loses 30,000–50,000 BTU/hr at design conditions; older homes can lose 80,000–120,000 BTU/hr.

Formula

Q = U × A × ΔT for each surface (U = 1/R). Infiltration = 0.018 × Volume × ACH × ΔT. Total = sum of all losses.

Frequently Asked Questions

What outdoor design temperature should I use?
Use the 99% design temperature for your area — the temp exceeded 99% of winter hours. Examples: Chicago -4°F, Atlanta 19°F, Denver 1°F, Minneapolis -16°F. Your local HVAC supplier can provide this.
What's a typical heat loss for a 2,000 sq ft house?
A well-insulated modern home: 30,000–50,000 BTU/hr. A poorly insulated older home: 80,000–120,000 BTU/hr. The difference is almost entirely insulation and air sealing.
Should I add a safety factor?
A 10% safety factor is reasonable. Don't add more — oversized heating systems short-cycle and waste energy. If in doubt, get a Manual J calculation.